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Daniel |
The Book of Daniel is a book in both the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) and the
Christian Old Testament. Originally written in Hebrew and Aramaic, it is set
during the Babylonian Captivity, a period when Jews were deported and exiled to
Babylon following the Siege of Jerusalem of 597 BC. The book revolves around the
figure of Daniel, an Israelite who becomes an adviser to Nebuchadnezzar, the
ruler of Babylon from 605 to 562 BC.
The book has two distinct parts: a series of six narratives (chapters one to
six) and four apocalyptic visions (chapters seven to twelve). The narratives
take the form of court stories which focus on tests of religious fidelity
involving Daniel and his friends (chapters one, three and six), and Daniel's
interpretation of royal dreams and visions (chapters two, four and five). In the
second part of the book, Daniel recounts his reception of dreams, visions and
angelic interpretations in the first person. The dating and authorship of Daniel
has become a matter of debate among some Christians. The traditionalist view
holds that the work was written by a prophet named Daniel who lived during the
sixth century BC, whereas many Biblical scholars maintain that the book was
written or redacted in the mid-second century BC and that most of the
predictions of the book refer to events that had already occurred. A third
viewpoint places the final editorial work in the fourth century BC.
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